1) to be hard, be severe, be fierce, be harsh

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be hard, be difficult

1a2) to be hard, be severe

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be ill-treated

1b2) to be hard pressed

1c) (Piel) to have severe labour (of women)

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to make difficult, make difficulty

1d2) to make severe, make burdensome

1d3) to make hard, make stiff, make stubborn

1d3a) of obstinacy (fig)

1d4) to show stubbornness

Root √קשׁה: קָשָׁה vb be hard severe fierce Qal be hard difficult , be hard severe , Niph hardly bestead hard pressed . Pi she made hard in her bearing .(had severe labour) Hiph make difficult difficulty , make severe burdensome . yoke imposed by king make hard stiff stubborn . fig. of obstinacy shew stubbornness .

קָשָׁה vb be hard severe fierce Qal be hard difficult , be hard severe , Niph hardly bestead hard pressed . Pi she made hard in her bearing .(had severe labour) Hiph make difficult difficulty , make severe burdensome . yoke imposed by king make hard stiff stubborn . fig. of obstinacy shew stubbornness .